Question & answers:
1) Which of the following is a non-sugar molecule? (Glucose, Fructose, Cellulose, Sucrose).
Ans: Cellulose
2) Hydrolysis of proteins yield a mixture of ( α- amino acids, β- amino acids, α- D Glucose, β- D Glucose).
Ans: α- amino acids
3) What are reducing sugar?
Ans: Sugar which reduces Tollen’s reagent and Fehling’s solution, for example glucose.
4) Write the products formed in the following reaction:
5) Write the IUPAC Name of
Ans: 4-nitro-N, N-dimethyl benzene.
6) What happens when CO2 gas is bubbled through an alkaline solution of phenol?
Ans: When CO2 gas is passed through an alkaline solution of phenol give salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid).
7) Explain why 4- nitrophenol is more acidic than 4- methoxyphenol.
Ans: 4- nitrophenol is more acidic than 4- methoxyphenol because –NO2 group is electron withdrawing, makes O-H bond weaker.
8) Explain why natural rubber is elastic in nature.
Ans: Natural rubber is elastic in nature due to the presence of weak intermolecular forces and a few cross-links between chains.
9) Write the preparation of Nylon-66.
Ans: It is prepared by the condensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid at about 553 K.
10) Give one test to distinguish between aniline and N-methyl aniline.
Ans: Aniline undergoes Carbylamine reaction whereas N-methyl aniline does not react with alcoholic solution of CHCl3.
11) How would you prepare acetone from 2-nitropropane?
Ans: 2-nitropropane is hydrolysed by boiling HCl to acetone.
12) Show the mechanism of coupling reaction between benzenediazonium chloride and phenol.
Ans:
13) On electrolysis in acidic solution, amino acids migrate towards the cathode while in alkaline medium these migrate towards anode. Explain.
Ans: Due to dipolar ion structure, α- amino acids in acidic medium act as cation and in alkaline medium as anion. Therefore, α- amino acids migrate towards cathode and anodes on the application of electric current.
14) How would you prove glucose is a reducing sugar? Give chemical equation.
Ans: Glucose is a reducing sugar, as it gives silver mirror with Tollen’s reagent.
15) Write the name of the diseases caused by the deficiency of vitamin A and C.
Ans: Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness and deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy.
16) How antiseptics different from disinfectants?
Ans: Antiseptics are used in living tissues whereas disinfectants are not used in living tissues.
17) In which way detergents are superior to soap?
Ans: Detergents are superior to soap because they do not form insoluble calcium and magnesium salts with hard water. Therefore, they can be used even in hard water.
18) How do antioxidants help in preservation of food?
Ans: Antioxidants help in preservation of food by arresting decomposition of food.
19) Write the mechanism of esterification of carboxylic acids.
Ans: Carboxylic acid reacts with alcohols in presence of a strong acid catalyst like H2SO4 or HCl to form esters. The reaction is reversible and is called esterification.
20) How can you distinguish acetophenone from benzaldehyde?
Ans: Benzaldehyde forms silver mirror with Tollen’s reagent whereas acetophenone does not react.
21) Identify the compounds A, B, C and D in the following reactions:
Ans: Structure of –
